ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
These are countries where cricket is firmly established adn organised but do not qualify for full membership.
There are 27 Associate Members of the ICC. They are :
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In the sport of cricket, a bouncer (or bumper) is a type of delivery, usually bowled by a fast bowler. It is pitched short so that it bounces on the pitch well short of the batsman and rears up to chest or head height (or even higher) as it reaches the batsman.
Bouncers are used tactically to drive the batsman back on to his back foot if he has been freely playing front foot scoring shots, such as drives. To this end, bouncers are usually directed more or less at the line of the batsman's body.
The Cricket World Cup is the premier international championship of men's One Day International (ODI) cricket. The event is organised by the sport's governing body, the International Cricket Council (ICC), with preliminary qualification rounds leading up to a finals tournament which is held every four years. The tournament is the world's fourth largest and most viewed sporting event.The first Cricket World Cup contest was organised in England in 1975.
One Day Format- Australia has been the most successful of the five teams to have won the tournament, taking four titles. The West Indies have won twice, while India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka have each won once.
T20 Format- In this format only three world cup tournaments have been played. Pakistan, India and England have managed to win once.
wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricket_World_Cup
Batsmen are allowed to wear gloves while batting. The batsman can be also caught out if the ball touches the glove instead of the bat, provided the hand is in contact with the bat. This is because the glove is considered to be the extension of the bat. The batsman may also wear protective helmets usually with a visor to protect themselves. Helmets are usually employed when facing fast bowlers. While playing spinners, it might not be employed.
Fielders cannot use gloves to field the ball. If they wilfully use any part of their clothing to field the ball they may be penalised 5 penalty runs to the opposition. If the fielders are fielding close to the batsman, they are allowed to use helmets and leg guards worn under their clothing.
The wicketkeeper, due to being directly behind the batsman and therefore having the ball bowled directly at him is allowed to wear leg guards, a helmet, a light internal glove and a large external glove.
The most common form and one of the best known is test cricket. This is one format played when the teams that are playing are international teams (such as England and Pakistan) and it was first played in the late nineteenth century. The test match is played over two innings for each of the teams and is played for five days or until each side has been bowled out twice. This gives more time for the top players to play the game to the best of their abilities and gives them a chance to put on more of a show than the traditional four day game usually played in first class county cricket.
One Day Cricket
One day cricket is the short form of cricket that is also known as limited overs. One day cricket was first played in the early nineteen sixties. It was introduced in response to public opinion that there was a need for a shorter type of cricket where the result could be seen in one day. Although these were not the first one day matches, it was really the limiting of the overs that was the real innovation. This meant that the crowd knew when the game was going to be finished by and that they would see a result. This made it much easier to watch as they would actually see the end of the game. There are also floodlit games that are played in the evening called day-night matches. One day matches in England are usually played for 40, 45 or 50 overs depending on the league or competition.
Twenty20 Cricket
This is the newest format of cricket and has grown massively since its first introduction. Twenty20 was originally brought in 2003 to make the game more popular and primarily to encourage more people to play the game. The reason for the name is simple in that each team gets one twenty over innings each to bat/bowl. This means that the game is finished much more quickly, plus there are also unique new rules which encourage faster play. One key change to the game is that if a no ball is bowled then there is a free hit for the batsman. The fact that it is limited to such few overs makes the teams much more likely to play positive shots to score runs quickly, creating more of an exciting spectacle of the crowd.
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The 1st recorded cricket match took place in Kent in 1646 and, by the late 1600s fines were actually handed out for those missed church church to play. Cricket was popular and widely documented in England during the 1700s. In 1706 William Goldwyn published the 1st description of the game. He wrote that 2 teams were 1st seen carrying their curving bats to the venue, choosing a pitch and arguing over the rules. They pitched 2 sets of wickets, each with a “milk-white” bail perched on two stumps; tossed a coin for 1st knock, the umpire called “play” and the “leathern orb” was bowled. They had 4-ball overs, the umpires leant on their staves (which the batsmen had to touch to complete a run), and the scorers sat on a mound making notches.
The 1st written “Laws of Cricket” were established in 1744. They stated, “the principals shall choose from amongst the gentlemen present 2 umpires who shall absolutely decide all disputes. The stumps must be Twenty-two inches high and the bail across them six inches. The ball must be between 5 & 6 ounces, and the two sets of stumps Twenty-two yards apart”. There were no limits on the shape or size of the bat. It appears that 40 notches was viewed as a very big score, probably due to the bowlers bowling quickly at shins unprotected by pads. The world’s first cricket club was formed in Hambledon in the 1760s and the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) was founded in 1787.
During the 1760′s and 1770′s it became common to pitch the ball through the air, rather than roll it along the ground. This innovation gave bowlers the weapons of deception through the air, length, plus increased pace. It also opened new possibilities for spin and swerve. In response, batsmen had to masters shot selection and timing. One immediate consequence of this was the replacement of the curving bat with the straight one. All of this raised the premium on skill and lessened the influence of rough ground and brute force. It was in the 1770′s that the modern game began to take shape.
The weight of the ball was limited to between 5 and a 1/2 and five and 3/4 ounces, and the width of the bat to 4 inches. The latter ruling followed an innings by a batsman called “Shock” White, who appeared with a bat the width of the wicket. In 1774, the first leg before law was published. Also around this time, a third stump became commonplace.
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